DIAMOND

Diamond is a mineral that is chemically a crystalline form, or allotrope, of carbon. Diamonds are known for having physical properties that special, especially the hardness factor and its ability to disperse light. These qualities which make diamonds used in jewelry and various applications in the industrial world.

Especially diamonds mined in central and southern Africa, although significant diamond content has also been found in Canada, Russia, Brazil, and Australia. Approximately 130 million "Carat" (26,000 kg) of diamonds mined each year, which amounted to approximately $ 9 billion U.S. dollars. In addition, nearly four times the weight of diamonds made in makmal as synthetic diamond (synthetic diamonds).

Diamond mining

Especially diamonds mined from volcanic pipes, where the diamond content is derived from materials that are removed from the Earth because of the pressure and temperature suitable for diamond formation.

Diamonds are from the bowels of the earth were excavated either manually or with mechanized. Now most diamond miners have been using mechanization, with the suction machine to suck up the soil had been dug.

Ground water being sucked together, sorted through the strainer. With skill, the miners could distinguish ordinary stones, sand, or diamond. Newly acquired diamond is called "galuh" in Banjarmasin. Galuh is still a raw diamond. To make it ready-made, diamonds must be scrubbed first. Polishing diamonds in the society is still largely with traditional tools.

ORCHIDACEAE

Interest-orchid Orchidaceae anggrekan or is a member of the tribe of flowering plants with most species. The types of widespread wet tropical areas to circumpolar region, although most members are found in the tropics. Most members of this tribe live as epiphytes, especially those from tropical regions. Orchids in temperate regions usually live in soil and tuber shape as a way of adapting to winter. Organs which tend to be thick and "meaty" (succulent) makes it stand the pressure of water availability. Epiphytic orchids can live from moisture and humid air.

Members of the importance of a well known man is ornamental orchids and flowers vanili.berkelopak beautiful and colorful

HIMALAYA

Himalaya is a mountain ranges in Asia, separating the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau.

Himalaya is a place where the highest mountains in the world, such as Mount Everest and Kanchenjunga, is located. Etymologically, Himalaya means "abode of snow" in Sanskrit (from Hima "snow", and aalaya "residence").

Himalaya extends along the five countries - Pakistan, India, China, Bhutan and Nepal. He is the source of the world's two major river systems - the River Indus and Ganga-Brahmaputra River. Approximately 750 million people live in the area around the flow of water from the Himalayas, including Bangladesh.

NIAGARA IS A GREAT WATERFALL

Niagara is a great waterfall on the Niagara River at the international boundary line between United States state of New York with the Canadian province of Ontario. This waterfall is about 17 miles (27 km) north northwest of Buffalo, New York and 75 miles (120 km) southeast of Toronto, Ontario.

Niagara is the name of a group of three waterfalls. The third waterfall is a waterfall Horseshoe (sometimes referred to as Canada's waterfall), waterfalls America, and the smaller Bridal Veil waterfall that is separated by an island called Luna Island from the main waterfall.

Although not very high, the Niagara waterfalls are very wide and most popular in the world. More than 6 million cubic feet (168,000 m3) of water per minute were dropped and this is the most powerful waterfall in North America.

Niagara is also famous for the beautiful rainbow that crossed in the middle of a waterfall pouring. The natural beauty found around Niagara makes millions of people from every part of the world visit it every day. Especially if it was not to see the most popular waterfall is. Thus, too much foreign exchange flows to these countries.

COELACANTH

Coelacanth (meaning "thorn that hollow", from the words of Greek coelia, "κοιλιά" (hollow) and acanthos, "άκανθος" (thorn), refers to the spines of fins are hollow) IPA: [he ː lə ˌ kænθ] is the name of the order (the nation) fish among others, consists of an evolutionary branch of the oldest living jawed fish. Coelacanth is estimated to have gone extinct since the late Cretaceous period 65 million years ago, until a specimen was found in eastern South Africa, in the waters of the river Chalumna 1938. Since then the coelacanth has been found in the Comoro, the waters in the Sulawesi island of Manado Tua, Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique, Madagascar and the marine park St. Lucia in South Africa. In Indonesia, particularly around Manado, North Sulawesi, this species by local people named the king of sea fish.

Coelacanth consists of approximately 120 known species based on fossil discoveries.

EARTH

 

Earth is the third planet from the eight planets in the Solar System. Estimated to reach 4.6 billion years old. The distance between the Earth to the sun is 149.6 million kilometers or 1 AU (UK: astronomical units). Earth has a layer of air (atmosphere) and the so-called magnetic field (magnetosphere) which protect the Earth's surface from the solar wind, ultraviolet light and radiation from outer space. This layer of air surrounds the earth to a height of around 700 kilometers. The air layer is divided into Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere and Exosphere.

Ozone layer, as high as 50 kilometers, are in the stratosphere and mesosphere and protect the earth from ultraviolet rays. Earth's surface temperature difference is between -70 ° C to 55 ° C depending on the local climate. The day is divided into 24 hours and a year on earth equal to 365.2425 days. Earth has a mass weight of 59 760 billion tonnes, with a surface area of ​​510 million square kilometers. The density of the Earth (about 5,500 kilograms per cubic meter) is used as the unit of weight ratio of other types of planets, with Earth's gravity is set as 1.

Earth has a diameter of 12,756 kilometers long. Earth's gravity was measured as 10 N kg-1 used as a unit the size of the gravity of other planets, with Earth's gravity is set as 1. Earth has one natural satellite of the Moon. 70.8% of the surface of the earth covered with water. Earth Air consists of 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen and 1% water vapor, carbon dioxide and other gases.